Blessed Queen Mother of Mercy commonly known as HRH Queen Kradin Abusuakuw. She is the Queen Mother of The Africa Diaspora Humanity Federation; The Queen Mother Kradin Abusuakuw Goree is a missionary and global public servant. Queen Mother founded the Missionaries Outreach Program, active in 120 countries. They help and support children education, women and girls living in abuse or coming out of abuse. Hospices and homes for people with HIV/AIDS, soup kitchens; dispensaries and mobile clinics; children's and family counseling programmed orphanages; and schools. She believe in the vow, to give "wholehearted free service to the poorest of the poor" she strongly believe "By empowering women, we empower society" She is the recipient of numerous honors for her work and love toward mankind. A controversial figure and a strong fighter against abuse, child marriage and rape. The Queen Mother is widely admired by many for her charitable works, but also widely criticized, particularly for her campaign against abuse and child marriage. With a degree in Marriage & Family Therapy she have made this her passion. In her own words "There are few things in this life that a man will die for and the healing and support of victims of abuse is one of those things" her work with victims of abuse is what she later described as "the call within the call" (a call to action) a mother hearing the cry of her children around the world. Queen Kradin Abusuakuw Gorée is the 84th Generation Nations Imperial Matriarch and African Kingdoms Federation Leader of Hassa Kingdoms - Descendant of Daya Ult Yenfaq Tajrawt, Dihya Thron of The Berber Nation. Grandchild of King Maad a Sinig Kumba Joof From the Kingdom of Sine. With Kingdoms of Kush the Blue Nile, White Nile and River Atbara to The Africa Island Île de Gorée which bear her name. She is the Monarch that of King Sine - The Queen Mother of The African Bete Yisrael Federation of Kingdoms - HRH Queen Île de Gorée (Kradin) is of the family lineage, of the Sovereign Imperial House of The Berber Nation Imperial Throne lines. The lines of Jarawa (Berber) Kingdoms. The Jarawa or Jrāwa are Berber Zenata tribal confederacy that flourished in northwest Africa during the seventh century CE. Under Queen Kahna, they led the Berber resistance to Arab invasion in the late 600s. She is best known for her global public service. She is the dowager queen who is the mother of the reigning monarch, she is the sole owner of much land and property in Africa. She is the crown Queen Mother of Bete Yisrael Foundation of the Hassa Kingdoms Inc., of the throne Selamun of Sine. A queen dowager or princess mother is a title or status generally held by the widow of a king. In the case of the widow of a emperor, the title of empress dowager is used. Its full meaning is clear from the two words from which it is composed: queen indicates someone who served as queen consort (wife of a king), while dowager indicates a woman who holds the title from her deceased husband. (A queen who rules in her own right and not due to marriage to a king is a queen regnant.) A queen mother is a particular type of queen dowager who is simultaneously a former queen consort and the mother of the current monarch. Therefore, every queen mother is by definition also a queen dowager. However, not all queen dowagers are queen mothers; they may have a relation other than mother to the reigning monarch, such as aunt or grandmother. Queen mother Kradin is the birth child of (The Africa Island) which was named after her fore-fathers of that land. Proven by DNA queen mother Kradin is the granddaughter of the island of Goeree (Goree). The island that bear her name is the island of Gorée, was one of the first places in Africa to be settled by Europeans, as the Portuguese settled on the island in 1444. It was captured by the United Netherlands in 1588, then the Portuguese again, and again the Dutch. She is the birth child of headship and military leader bloodline of Goeree-Overflakkee and Kingdom of Sine - It is separated from Voorne-Putten and Hoeksche Waard by the Haringvliet, from the mainland of North Brabant by the Volkerak, and from Schouwen-Duiveland by Lake Grevelingen which is of Zeeland her great-grandfather rule the military power to take the land. Within the kingdoms there are many splits; many Kings had many wives and to these wives were born many children and grandchildren, the kingdoms and Generations Nations Imperial Matriarch are without limit. Many Kingdoms, Queen's and such has come from the Kingdoms of Sine. Inheritance is the practice of passing on property, titles, debts, rights and obligations upon the death of an individual. It has long played an important role in human societies. The rules of inheritance differ between societies and have changed over time. Upon the death of her grandmother Jacqueline Y. Goree known as HRH Queen Mother Kradin took position of the Queen's Ring, Crown, Land and Title. "The Young Heir Takes Possession Of The Land of the grandmother of Sine, after it was proven by DNA testing that she is of the King of Sine and its bloodline of headship ".with this she understood the obligation with such papers and land. A mother care for her children by taking care of them, with love, giving them food, clothes, water, love and support in which way it is needed. A mother know and understand charity but she will fight for "Justice" to bring about real peace and change. Queen Mother Kradin have been all that and more unto her people, with care and affection. She's a known: Prophet, Seer, And Revelator' serving as an intermediary with humanity, "spokesperson" and "advocate" for the spiritual world. She wear the mark of white hair upon her head given by her ancestors. She cover the head when communicating with her ancestors. She believe in African Religion and Spiritual enlightenment. "A seer is one who sees with spiritual eyes. She perceives the meaning of that which seems obscure to others; therefore she is an interpreter and clarifier of eternal truth. The meaning of seer is one that foresees the future from the past and the present. This she does by the power of the truth from her birth (not as a gift) but as a birthright operating through the (Creator) and (Ancestors) directly, or indirectly, this she has done since her birth. In short, she is one who sees, who walk in the inlightment with open eyes. A revelator makes known something before unknown. It may be new or forgotten truth, or a new or forgotten application of known truth to man’s need. Always, the revelator deals with truth, certain truth and always it comes with the divine stamp of approval by actions and deeds (it will come to past). Revelation may be received in various ways, but it always presupposes that the revelator has so lived and conducted herself as to be in tune or harmony with the divine spirit of revelation, the spirit of truth, and therefore capable of receiving divine messages. A prophet is a teacher of known truth; a seer is a perceiver of hidden truth, a revelator is a bearer of new truth. Father Bloodline The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof Kings of Sine: Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof and Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Fa Ndeb Joof Grandfather to Queen Mother Kradin. Serer Kings The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof King Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof (1825 to 1853) King Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Fa Ndeb Joof (1897 to 1923 The Serer-Ndut or Ndut also spelt (Ndoute or N'doute) are an ethnic group in Senegal numbering 38600. They are part of the Serer people who collectively make up the third largest ethnic group in Senegal. The Serer-Ndut live mostly in central Senegal in the district of Mont-Roland, northwest of the city of ancient Thiès. Religion and Culture. Their language is dialect of Serer-Sine (or Serer proper). The people are strong agriculturalists and lake fishermen.Religion Serer-Ndut people traditionally and still practice the Serer religion which involves honoring the ancestors covering all dimensions of life, death, cosmology etc. Their name for the Supreme Deity (Roog - in Serer religion) is Kopé Tiatie Cac - (God the grandfather in the Ndut language). The Ndut initiation rite, a rite of passage in Serer religion takes its name from the Ndut language. History The Serer people to which they are a sub-group of are the oldest inhabitants of Senegambia along with the Jola people. Their ancestors were dispersed throughout the Senegambia Region they built the Senegambia stone circles. King Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Fa Ndeb Joof was fluent in several languages. He came from The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof (the third and last royal house founded by the Joof family of Sine and Saloum in the 18th century). Maad a Sinig means king. Sine today is called present-day Senegal, Africa. The surname Joof is the English spelling in the Gambia. Diouf - The French spelling in Senegal. King Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Fa Ndeb Joof rule from 1898 to 1923. The king was very ill before his death and ruled for (27 years) before his successor - Maad a Sinig Mahecor Joof succeeded to the throne. When the King died, there was a period of mourning and it took a little while to prepare for the Coronation ceremony of Maad a Sinig Mahecor Joof according to Serer custom and tradition. Maad Mahecor Joof ascended to the throne in 1924. Research We are committed to sharing the results of our research and the lessons we learn as we carry out our work. We believe it is important to evaluate and reflect regularly, study the findings of research and reports generated with our support, and communicate the results with those in the field and with the public. The foundation aims to have a meaningful impact on the human condition by being strategic and focusing on outcomes. This requires us to learn in an ongoing and continuous matter –directly from our interactions with those who are suffering, through our experiences working alongside those who are "Socially disadvantaged " and Disadvantaged Communities. Who are socially disadvantaged? Socially disadvantaged individuals are those who have been subjected to racial or ethnic prejudice or cultural bias because of their identity as members of a group. Social disadvantage must stem from circumstances beyond their control. In the absence of evidence to the contrary, individuals who are members of the following designated groups are presumed to be socially disadvantaged: ⦁ Black Americans ⦁ Hispanic Americans ⦁ Native Americans (American Indians, Eskimos, Aleuts, and Native Hawaiians) ⦁ Asian Pacific Americans (persons with origins from Japan, China, the Philippines, Vietnam, Korea, Samoa, Guam, U.S. Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands [Republic of Palau], Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Laos, Cambodia [Kampuchea], Taiwan; Burma, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Brunei, Republic of the Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Macao, Hong Kong, Fiji, Tonga, Kiribati, Tuvalu, or Nauru; Subcontinent Asian Americans (persons with origins from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, the Maldives Islands or Nepal). and our partners, and through our assessment and evaluation activities. In our learning, we are guided by love: ⦁ What is the evolving nature of the problem or opportunity in which we aim to have an impact? ⦁ What is the aim and goal in which we are working? ⦁ What is the Foundation’s role and strategy for making a difference? ⦁ Who are the best partners/person(s) within the foundation to effect change? ⦁ What are we accomplishing together? ⦁ Who are we impacting and in what way can we broaden or deepen our impact? ⦁ In what ways could we better leverage our resources? The Foundation generally makes our evaluations publically available. We do so in the interest of field building and accountability. The Meaning of "disadvantaged" is a generic term for individuals or groups of people who: ⦁ Face special problems such as physical or mental disability ⦁ Lack ⦁ money or economic support ⦁ Are politically deemed to be without sufficient ⦁ power or other means of influence Education She attended National Cathedral School from fourth to eighth grade. She briefly attended The Chapin School in New York City, then went on to graduate from Concord Academy in Massachusetts. She entered Princeton University with its first coeducational freshman class, and received a BA in architecture and urban planning. Earning her Ph.D. in Counselor Education & Supervision at Victoria University, Australia. Career. She have been classified as queen mother because of the headship of her own family and bloodline after the death of her grandmother she took up the cause being willed land and landgraves and given power over the kingdom of Hassa in which her grandmother was queen. Accordingly she is known as HRH Queen Mother of the Hassa Kingdoms. She founded The Bete Yisrael Foundation in which they target education for disadvantaged children. Affiliation Bete Yisrael Foundation. Women Are Core Inc., Awards Queen Mother have been awarded: Honorary Degree, Academy of Southern Arts & Letters, 1993 She has an advanced masters degree in Family Therapy, 1996 A Masters degree in Special Education, children with special needs 2006 Awarded the key's to the city for her labor and work (Grant County) U.S.A by Mayor Richard Henry 2003 Crown Princess of the Kingdom of Hassa in 1999 - Crown high office of Queen Mother in 2004. Queen Mother’s work has focused on national and regional human security in the areas of education, conservation, sustainable development, human rights and cross-cultural understanding. Her work with victims of abuse cannot be denied, she also have practice programs in the fields of poverty eradication and women’s empowerment, microfinance, health, and arts as a medium for social development and cross-cultural exchange. Queen Mother’s appreciation for the role of culture and the arts in the formation of individual and national identity is also reflected in her national and international initiatives. In recognition of her efforts to advance development the cause of women and children, democracy and peace, Queen Mother has been awarded numerous awards and honorary doctorates in international relations, law and humane letters. She divides her time between American, Germany and Africa. She continues to work on behalf of numerous international organizations. Queen Mother Kradin Abusuakw is the Queen Mother of The African Diaspora Federation in her work she addresses the historical emigration from Africa. The recent African origin of modern humans for pre-historic human migration and emigration from Africa for recent migration. The African Diaspora refers to the communities throughout the world that are descended from the historic movement of peoples from Africa, predominantly to the Americas, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, among other areas around the globe. The term has been historically applied in particular to the descendants of the West and Central Africans who were enslaved and shipped to the Americas by way of the Atlantic slave trade, with the largest population in Brazil despite some misconceptions (Afro-Brazilian), followed by the USA and others. However, African Diaspora discourse and scholarship is changing in recent years to include various other populations of African descent who have been displaced and dispersed due to enslavement, genocide, and other global forces. As such, theories about mythical homelands, collective memory, the experience of racism, and the emergence of Pan-African sentiment are common among notions about the African Diaspora. In the contemporary moment, the ever-increasing demand for labor accounts for the ongoing displacement of Africans. Although four circulatory phases of migration out of Africa has been identified to talk about the African Diaspora, other scholars have entertained the possibility for various forms of diazotization among African-descended people. With regard to all historic migrations (forced and voluntary), the African Union defined the African diaspora as"[consisting] of people of African origin living outside the continent, irrespective of their citizenship and nationality and who are willing to contribute to the development of the continent and the building of the African Union." Its constitutive act declares that it shall "invite and encourage the full participation of the African diaspora as an important part of our continent, in the building of the African Union."Dispersal Through Slavery Much of the African diaspora was dispersed throughout Asia, Europe, and the Americas during the Arab and the Atlantic Slave Trades. Beginning in the 9th century, Arabs took African slaves from the central and eastern portions of the continent (Zanj) and sold them into markets in the Middle East and eastern Asia. Beginning in the 15th century, Europeans captured or bought African slaves from West Africa and brought them to Europe and later to the Americas. Both the Arab and Atlantic slave trades ended in the 19th century. The dispersal through slave trading represents the largest forced migrations in human history. The economic effect on the African continent was devastating. Some communities created by descendants of African slaves in Europe and Asia have survived to the modern day, but in other cases, blacks intermarried with non-blacks, and their descendants blended into the local population. In the Americas, the confluence of multiple ethnic groups from around the world created multi-ethnic societies. In Central and South America, most people are descended from European, American Indian, and African ancestry. In Brazil, where in 1888 nearly half the population was descended from African slaves, the variation of physical characteristics extends across a broad range. In the United States, there was historically a greater European colonial population in relation to African slaves, especially in the Northern Tier. Racist Jim Crow and anti-miscegenation laws passed after the Reconstruction era in the South in the late nineteenth century, plus waves of vastly increased immigration from Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries, maintained some distinction between racial groups. In the early 20th century, to institutionalize racial segregation, most southern states adopted the "one drop rule", which defined anyone with any discernible African ancestry as African. Dispersal Through Voluntary Migration See Emigration from Africa for a general treatment of recent population movements. From the very onset of Spanish exploration and colonial activities in the Americas, black Africans participated both as voluntary expeditionary and as involuntary laborers. Juan Garrido was one such black conquistador. He crossed the Atlantic as a freedman in the 1510s and participated in the siege of Tenochtitlan. However, Africans had been present in Asia and Europe long before Columbus' travels. And, beginning in the late 20th century, Africans began to emigrate to Europe and the Americas in increasing numbers, constituting new African Diaspora communities not directly connected with the slave trade. The African Union defined the African diaspora as "[consisting] of people of African origin living outside the continent, irrespective of their citizenship and nationality and who are willing to contribute to the development of the continent and the building of the African Union." Its constitutive act declares that it shall "invite and encourage the full participation of the African diaspora as an important part of our continent, in the building of the African Union." Between 1500 and 1900, approximately four million enslaved Africans were transported to island plantations in the Indian Ocean, about eight million were shipped to Mediterranean-area countries, and about eleven million survived the Middle Passage to the New World. Their descendants are now found around the globe. Due to intermarriage and genetic assimilation, just who is a descendant of the African diaspora is not entirely self-evident. African Diaspora Populations Include: African Americans, ⦁ Afro-Caribbeans, ⦁ Afro-Latin Americans and ⦁ Black Canadians - descendants of ⦁ West African slaves brought to the ⦁ United States, the ⦁ Caribbean, and ⦁ Latin America during the ⦁ Atlantic slave trade, plus later voluntary immigrants from Sub-Saharan Africa and their descendants. Zanj - descendants of ⦁ Zanj slaves whose ancestors were brought to the ⦁ Near East and other parts of Asia during the ⦁ Arab slave trade. Siddis - descendants of ⦁ Zanj slaves whose ancestors were brought to the ⦁ Indian subcontinent (⦁ Pakistan and ⦁ India). Also referred to as the ⦁ Makrani in Pakistan. African Diaspora and Modernity Studies on the African Diaspora have recently moved in the direction of understanding its role in the formation of modern times. This trend is in reaction to the traditional way in which Africans and its diasporas have been placed in history books, namely, as victims or people without much historical agency. Often Africans and their descendants are portrayed as representatives of primitive culture or slavery. The current consensus among specialists is that viewing the contribution of the African Diaspora to the history of modern times gives us a more complete appreciation of global history. The effect of the African diaspora on modernity can be viewed by the history and culture of the people from the African diaspora. African decedents around the world have kept their ties to the African continent creating a global community. They carried with them their culture, family values, views on government, and their spiritual beliefs. African Americans – There are over 40 million people of Black African descent in the United States. African Americans – There are an estimated 40 million people of Black African descent Afro-Latin American – There are over 100 million people of African descent living in Latin America, making up 45% of Brazil's population. Many also have European and Native American Ancestry. They are known as pardo, or mixed race. (Brazilian "blacks" are mixed to a significant degree). There are also sizeable African-descended populations in Cuba, Haiti, Colombia and Dominican Republic, often with ancestry of other major ethnic groups. Caribbean is approximately 23 million. Significant numbers of African-descended people include Haiti – 8 million, Dominican Republic – 7.9 million, and Jamaica – 2.7 million. Afro-Caribbean Caribbean were the first of African dispersal in the western Atlantic during the post-Columbian era. Specifically, in 1492, Pedro Alonso Niño, a black Spanish seafarer, piloted one of Columbus's ships. He returned in 1499, but did not settle. In the early 16th-Century, more Africans began to enter the population of the Spanish Caribbean colonies, sometimes as freedmen, but most often as enslaved servants and workers. North America Several migration waves to the Americas, as well as relocations within the Americas, have brought people of African descent to North America. The Research in Black Culture, the first African populations came to North America in the 16th century via Mexico and the Caribbean to the Spanish colonies of Florida, Texas and other parts of the South. Out of the 12 million people from Africa who were shipped to the Americas during the transatlantic slave trade, 645,000 were shipped to the British colonies on the North American mainland and the United States. In 2000, African Americans comprised 12.1 percent of the total population in the United States, constituting the largest racial minority group. The African-American population is concentrated in the southern states and urban areas. The states with the highest percentages of people of African descent are Mississippi (36.3%), and Louisiana (32.5%). While not a state, the District of Columbia is 60.0% black. Canada Much of the earliest black presence in Canada came from the newly independent United States (US) after the American Revolution; the British resettled African Americans (known as Black Loyalists) primarily in Nova Scotia. These were primarily former slaves who had escaped to British lines for promised freedom during the Revolution. Black immigration to Canada of the later nineteenth and twentieth centuries came primarily from the Caribbean, in such numbers that fully 70 per cent of all blacks now in Canada are of Caribbean origin. Latin America At an intermediate level, in Latin America and in the former plantations in and around the Indian Ocean, descendants of enslaved people are a bit harder to define because many people are mixed in demographic proportion to the original slave population. In places that imported relatively few slaves (like Argentina or Chile), few if any are considered "black" today. In places that imported many enslaved people (like Brazil or Dominican Republic), the number is larger, though most identify themselves as being of mixed, rather than strictly African, ancesty. In Peru, the African population was very mixed with the other white, Indian and mestizo population; so someone is identified as negro if he or she has visible African features. Some mestizos and whites have a degree of African admixture. In Colombia, the African slaves were first brought to work in the gold mines of the Department of Antioquia. After this was no longer a profitable business, these slaves slowly moved to the Pacific coast, where they have remained unmixed with the white or Indian population until today. The whole Department of Chocó remains a black area. Mixture with white population happened mainly in the Caribbean coast, which is a mestizo area until today. There was also a greater mixture in the south-western departments of Cauca and Valle del Cauca. In these mestizo areas the African culture has had a great influence. Europe United Kingdom 2 million (not including British Mixed) split evenly between Afro-Caribbeans and Africans. France Estimates of 2 to 3 million of African descent, although one quarter of the Afro-French or French African population live in overseas territories. This number is difficult to estimate because the French census does not use race as a category for ideological reasons. It aly There are an estimated 1 million to 1.5 million immigrants from Africa in Italy, with only a minority of Sub-Saharan Africans. Most of the latter come from West African countries such as Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, and Côte d'Ivoire. Netherlands (Afro-Dutch) There are an estimated 500,000 black people in the Dutch Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles. They mainly live in the islands of Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao and Saint Martin, the latter of which is also partly French-controlled. Many Afro-Dutch people reside in the Netherlands. Germany (Afro-Germans) As of 2005, there were approximately 500,000 Afro-Germans (not including those of mixed ethnicity). This number is difficult to estimate because the German census does not use race as a category, following the massacres committed during World War II under the "German racial ideology. Russia (Afro-Russians) The first blacks in Russia were the result of the slave trade of the Ottoman Empire and their descendants still live on the coasts of the Black Sea. Czar Peter the Great was advised by his friend Lefort to bring in Africans to Russia for hard labor. Alexander Pushkin's great grandfather was the African princeling Abram Petrovich Gannibal, who became Peter's protégé, was educated as a military engineer in France, and eventually became general-en-chef, responsible for the building of sea forts and canals in Russia. During the 1930s fifteen Black American families moved to the Soviet Union as agricultural experts. As African states became independent in the 1960s, the Soviet Union offered their citizens the chance to study in Russia; over 40 years, 400,000 African students came, and many settled there. Note that there are also non-African people within the former Soviet Union who are colloquially referred to as "the blacks" (chernye). Gypsies, Georgians, and Chechens fall into this category. Abkhazia Some blacks of unknown origin once inhabited the southern Abkhazian; they are today assimilated to Abkhaz. Turkey Beginning several centuries ago, a number of sub-Saharan Africans, usually via Zanzibar and from places like Kenya, Tanzania and Sudan, were brought by Turkish slave traders during the Ottoman Empire to plantations around Dalaman, Menderes and Gediz valleys, Manavgat, and Çukurova. Indian and Pacific Oceans There are a number of communities in South Asia that are descended from African slaves, traders or soldiers. These communities are the Siddi, Sheedi, Makrani and Sri Lanka Kaffirs. In some cases, they became very prominent, such as Jamal-ud-Din Yaqut, Hoshu Sheedi or the Murud-Janjira fort. The Mauritian creole people are the descendants of African slaves similar to those in the Americas. Some Pan-Africanists also consider other peoples as diasporic African peoples. These groups include, among others, Negritos, such as in the case of the peoples of the Malay Peninsula (Orang Asli); New Guinea (Papuans); Andamanese; certain peoples of the Indian subcontinent and the aboriginal peoples of Melanesia and Micronesia. Most of these claims are rejected by mainstream ethnologists as pseudoscience and pseudoanthropology, as part of ideologically motivated Afrocentrist irredentism, touted primarily among some extremist elements in the United States who do not reflect on the mainstream African-American community. Mainstream anthropologists determine that the Andamanese and others are part of a network of Proto-Australoid and Paleo Mediterranean ethnic groups present in South Asia that trace their genetic ancestry to a migratory sequence that culminated in the Australian aboriginals rather than from African peoples directly (though indirectly, they did originate from prehistoric groups out of Africa as did all human beings on this planet). Grace, Royalty, Wisdom, Hard Work and Protection Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof was the King of Sine in modern-day Senegal. He ruled from 1853 until his death on 23 August 1871. He was the son of Maad Souka Ndela Joof and Lingeer Gnilane Jogoy Joof. His father – Maad Souka Ndela came from The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Jooffounded by Maad Semou Njekeh Joof in the early 18th century, which was the third Royal House of Joof family of Sine and Saloum. (The Joof paternal dynasty of Sine and Saloum).His paternal family (the Joof family) ruled three Kingdoms : Sine, Kingdom of Saloum and previously the Kingdom of Baol. They descended from Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof the 13th century King of Lâ (Laah) in Baol.Kumba Ndoffene Famak's mother – Lingeer Gnilane Jogoy Joof came from the Maternal Dynasty of Guelowar. The Guelowars had ruled two Senegambian Kingdoms : Sine and Saloum. They had also provided two kings of Jolof and heirs to the thrones of Cayor and Baol. They originated from the royal family of Kaabu in the 14th century who were granted asylum by the Serer nobility of Sine following the alleged Battle of Troubang (1335) in Kaabu.The name Famak (or Fa mak) means the elder in the Serer language. He should not be confused with his successor Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Fa Ndeb Joof (var: Coumba N'Doffène Diouf II) who reigned from c. 1898 to 1924. The name Fa Ndeb/Fandeb (variations: Fa ndeb or Fandepp) means the younger in Serer. The prefix Famak is a later addition in order to differentiate him from his successor.Kumba Ndoffene Famak succeeded to the throne in 1853 following the death of the young King, Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof. In September 1853, Kumba Ndoffene Famak was crowned Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Joof from The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof. The Great Jaraff (head of the Noble Council of Electors responsible for electing the kings from the Royal Family) presided over the sacred ceremony. Guests included the King’s paternal and maternal family as well as the dignitaries of Sine. Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof’s succession to the throne went unchallenged during the 19th century.The reign of Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak was in constant threat by two external forces : the French who wanted to extend their authority in his Kingdom following the defeat of Waalo under Lingeer Ndateh Yalla Mboge and by Tafsir Amat Jahu Bah more commonly known as Maba Diakhou Bâ who wanted to Islamize the Animist Serer people of Sine and Saloum.Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak was a very strong leader whose word was generally accepted by the French. However, sometimes he had his reasons for giving very limited protection to the French merchants and even less protection to the French missionaries, whom he regarded as spies of the French administration in Senegal and the French government in Paris. This rumour was first circulated by his predecessor — Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof, who stopped the French from building any bricked chapel or church in his Kingdom.This rumor was first circulated by his predecessor — Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof, who stopped the French from building any bricked chapel or church in his Kingdom. During the first few years of Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak's reign, the Mission at N'Gasobil faced constant harassments designed to force their departure. The people were not only ordered not to sell anything to the Mission, but also not to send their children to Christian schools in fear that the Mission would corrupt the minds of the young.In 1856, Father Lamoise and Kobes (accompanied by French officers) went to Sine to see Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak. They presented their complains to the King about the constant harassments which began during the reign of Maad Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof. Lamoise also used the meeting to seek the King's permission to build a brick chapel. Permission was not granted. Lamoise threatened to build a brick chapel with or without the King's permission. Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak threatened to kill Lamoise if he dared to disobey his orders. Nothing was achieved by the French in that meeting. In 1866, the French governor Émile Pinet-Laprade tried to encourage resettlement around Kaolack (a province of the Kingdom of Saloum) and promised to restore order and trade there. He failed to achieve that. Kaolack which was previously sacked by the Muslim marabouts in 1865 falls within the jurisdiction of Saloum, ruled by the Maad Saloum (king of Saloum), and not by the Maad a Sinig (king of Sine). It was part of the jurisdiction of Maad Saloum Fakha Boya Latsouka Fall. The King of Sine (Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak) was not willing to persuade his people to settle in a war zone.When Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak tried to offer help to the King of Saloum (Fakha Boya Latsouka Fall), the King of Saloum turned him down and refused to listen to him,When Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak tried to offer help to the King of Saloum (Fakha Boya Latsouka Fall), the King of Saloum turned him down and refused to listen to him. According to some (such as Klein, Bâ, etc.), Fakha Boya was a weak king who was unwilling or unable to solve the Kaolack problem, his own province. However, the consensus is that, the sacking of Kaolack by the marabout forces would not have happened without Laprade. It was Laprade who initially asked Fakha Boya whether he could withdraw his army from the Kaolack post for a short period so that trade could resume with the marabouts. That was after he tried and failed to conquer the Kingdom of Saloum. When King Fakha Boya withdrew his army from the Kaolack post, Laprade immediately informed Maba Diakhou Ba in July 1864 that the army of Fakha Boya had left and he can come back. This brought forth a split within the Kingdom, many of the kings fathered many children and had more than one wife.When the marabout came, they ransacked and looted Kaolack and virtually control it. As the situation worsened in Kaolack, Maad Fakha Boya lost all control in Kaolack, and the marabouts were no longer willing to listen to Laprade. As such, Laprade lost all influence he had on the marabouts and needed Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak’s assistance to deal with the problem.Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak resisted against French expansionism, and the strategy of the French to use him against Maba Diakhou Bâ.However in 1867, Maba Diakhou who had avoided the animist Kingdom of Sine for six years decided to launch a jihad in the Sine. Mbin o Ngor (var: Mbon o NGOOR) is a small Serer village in Sine. The Surprise of Mbin o Ngor in 1867 was not an open battle. It was a surprise attack by the marabouts against the Serer community of this village. The Wolof term for it is "Mbetaan Keur Ngor" which means "the surprise attack of Keur Ngor". "Mbetaan" means surprise. In the Serer language, the incident is known as “Mbin o Ngor"In the Serer oral tradition, the incident occurred on a Wednesday. In those days taxes were collected on Wednesdays. That day Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak also attended the funeral of one of his warriors. It was the funeral of Dyé Tyass, one of the warriors of Sine. Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak and his entourage were also later obliged to participate in the final phase of the ceremony of the newly circumcised young boys of Somb. This festival is one of the last phases of the initiation were they perform a dance before the king and the rest of the royal family who in turn give them gifts for their courage. The funeral of Dyé Tyass coincided with this ceremony and the King's secretary was told by the King to inform the initiates he will meet them later at Mbin o Ngor after the funeral at Dielem. Historians and theologians note that, inSerer religion, "funerals are the occasion of much eating and drinking" - celebrating the life of the departed as they make their journey to the next life. Therefore, apart from attacking civilians, Sine’s defenses would have been down. The King of Cayor - Damel Lat Dior Ngoné Latyr Diop is said to be the instigator of this surprise attack. Lat Dior who is reported to have had a long grudge against Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak after his defeat and exile by the French administration at the Battle of Loro (January 12, 1864) sought refuge in Sine. Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak granted him asylum. Oral tradition says Lat Dior was well received in Sine. Lat Dior also needed military support from Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak in order to launch a war against the French and regain his throne. Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak was unable to provide military support to Lat Dior, because he was involved in a long battle against the French administration regarding the sovereignty of Joal (a province of Sine). Lat Dior sought military support from Maba. Maba promised to help Lat Dior if he converts to Islam. Lat Dior converted to Islam, and in 1867, persuaded Maba to launch a jihad in the Kingdom of Sine. After the surprise attack at Mbin o Ngor, Maad Kumba Ndoffene Famak wrote a letter to Maba Diakhou Bâ telling him that the surprise attack he launched in Sine was undignitied and invited him to an open battle. On 18 July 1867, Maba and his army came. In this battle - The Battle of Fandane-Thiouthioune (commonly known as the Battle of Somb), Maba Diakhou Bâ was defeated. He died in this battle and his body was decapitated. Maba's brother (Abdoulaye Wuli Bâ) was not killed in this battle. He was castrated. Maad a Sine Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof was assassinated in Joal by the French in August 1871. He went to Joal to exercise his authority over the sovereignty of Joal. That of Maad Amad Ngoneh Joof (King of Thiouthioune)is of the great grandfather of Queen Mother Kradin grandson of Goree Island. Thiouthioune (in Serer) is a village in Senegal (rural community of Diakhao, Fatick Region) located in the pre-colonial Serer Kingdom of Sine. The current population is estimated at 763. The Battle of Fandane-Thiouthioune (18 July 1867) commonly known as "the Battle of Somb" took place within the vicinity of this village. In that battle, the Serer strategy - led by their king Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof was to prevent the Muslim marabouts of Senegambia who came to launch jihad from entering Thiouthioune. Initially, the Muslims successfully broke the Serer lines and entered Thiouthioune. However, at the later stages of the battle, the Muslims were defeated by the Serer forces and Serer religion was installed. The leader of the Muslim army was decapitated in that battle under the orders of the Maad a Sinig. The sovereign of Thiouthioune in 1867 was Maad Amad Ngoneh Joof, commonly known as Amad Ngoneh Thiouthioune (Amad Ngoneh of Thiouthioune). He was the paternal uncle of the king of Sine (the Maad a Sinig). He and his army also fought in the battle to defeat the Marabouts. Joof family or Diouf (French spelling in Senegal and Mauritania) is a surname typically SererThis surname is also spelt Juuf or Juf (in the Serer language). They are the same people. The differences in spelling is due to the fact that, Senegal was colonized by France, while the Gambia was colonized by Britain. When the grandchildren of Joof was upon the Island they was given the name Goree because they some of the men took wives of Dutch (Goree). The name of their clan is “Njoofene" variations: "Njuufeen" or "Njufeen" (in Serer). Members of this family had ruled over many of the pre-colonial kingdoms of Senegambia, including the Kingdom of Sine, the Kingdom of Saloum and the Kingdom of Baol. Within the split of wives and children some of the grandchildren of Joof, Njuufeen (Serer) took the name of the Island before the Island bore the name Goree. From these marriages, they provided many heirs to the thrones of these kingdoms. Although usually associated with Serer royalty, the Joof family also figure prominently in Serer religious affairs. 
enealogy of Maat Sine Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof
Maad Semou Njekeh Joof
(Founder of The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof, Kingdom of Sine)
│
_____________________________________│
│
│
│
Biram Baro Joof = Lingeer Ndela Ndaw = ?
(Prince of Sine) │ (Princess of Saloum) │ (2)
│ │
│ │
________________________│ │
│ Maad Amad Ngoneh Joof
Maad Souka Ndela Joof (King of Thiouthioune)
(Kingdom of Sine) = Lingeer Gnilane Jogoy Joof
│ (Also known as: Fan Kumba Ndoffene)
│ (Princess of Sine)
│
│
┌───────────┴────────────────────────────────────────┐
Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof Lingeer Nadi Joof
(King of Sine) (Queen of Sine)
Descendants of Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof
Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof
(king of Laa, Baol, c. 1290)
│
Maad Niokhobai Joof
(king of Laa, Baol)
│
__________________________________________│
│
Maad Patar Kholleh Joof (The Conqueror) = ? = Lingeer Mane Nyan
(king of Laa (Baol) and Teigne of Baol) │ (1) │ (daughter of Sine o Mev Manneh (Guelowar)
│ │ (2)
│ │_____________________________________________
│ │
Jaraff Boureh Gnilane Joof │
(Jaraff and prince of Sine) │
│
_________________________________________________________________________│
│
┌───────────┴────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │ │
Maad a Sinig Niokhobai Mane Nyan Joof │ Lingeer
(king of Sine) │ Siga Pal Mane Nyan Joof
│
Maad a Sinig Gejopal Mane Nyan Joof
(king of Sine)

The Joof Dynasty that succeeded to the throne of Saloum came from Sine. The grandchildren of Joof from many wives that succeeded to the Island Goree are from Sine.